Atšķirības starp "Triumvirāts" versijām
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| 1. rindiņa: | 1. rindiņa: | ||
| − | '''Triumvirāts''' (lat. ''triumviratus''; no ''tres'', ''trium'' - "trīs" + '' | + | '''Triumvirāts''' (lat. ''triumviratus''; no ''tres'', ''trium'' - "trīs" + ''viri'' - "vīri") - atkaribā no konteksta: '''1.''' Triju personu [[kolēģija]] [[Romas valsts|Senajā Romā]], ko iecēla vai ievēlēja noteiktu sabiedrisku pienākumu pildīšanai. '''2.''' Trijvaldība jeb alianse starp trim līdzīga ranga un ietekmes olitiskajiem līderiem - no valdīšanas formas Romā I gs.p.m.ē.: '''Pirmais triumvirāts''' ([[Jūlijs Cēzars]], [[Gnejs Pompejs]], [[Marks Krass]]) 60.-53. g.p.m.ē.; '''Otrais triumvirāts''' ([[Oktavians]], [[Marks Antonijs]], [[Lepids]]) 43.-36. g.p.m.ē. |
== Literatūra == | == Literatūra == | ||
| − | * Valsts un tiesību vēsture jēdzienos un terminos. / Sast. P.Valters. - Divergens, Rīga, 2001., 76. lpp. | + | * Valsts un tiesību vēsture jēdzienos un terminos. / Sast. P.Valters. - Divergens, Rīga, 2001., 76., 88. lpp. |
| + | ---- | ||
| + | * Ihne Wilhelm. Researches Into the History of the Roman Constitution. - William Pickering, 1853 | ||
| + | * Johnston Harold Whetstone. Orations and Letters of Cicero: With Historical Introduction, An Outline of the Roman Constitution, Notes, Vocabulary and Index. - Scott, Foresman and Company, 1891 | ||
| + | * Tighe Ambrose. The Development of the Roman Constitution. - D. Apple & Co, 1886 | ||
| + | * Von Fritz Kurt. The Theory of the Mixed Constitution in Antiquity. - Columbia University Press, New York, 1975 | ||
| + | * Crawford M. The Roman Republic. - Fontana Press, 1978 | ||
| + | * Lintott A. The Constitution of the Roman Republic. - Oxford University Press, 1999 ISBN 0-19-926108-3 | ||
| + | * Cicero, Marcus Tullius. The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero: Comprising his Treatise on the Commonwealth; and his Treatise on the Laws. Translated from the original, with Dissertations and Notes in Two Volumes. Vol. 1. / By Francis Barham, Esq. - Edmund Spettigue, London, 1841 | ||
| + | * Polybius. The General History of Polybius: Translated from the Greek. Vol 2. / By Mr. Hampton. - Printed by W. Baxter, Oxford, 1823 | ||
| + | * Abbott Frank Frost. A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions. - Elibron Classics, 1901, ISBN 0-543-92749-0 | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | * Karl Christ. Krise und Untergang der römischen Republik. - Darmstadt, 1979, S. 289 | ||
| + | * Jochen Bleicken. Die Verfassung der Römischen Republik. - Schöningh, Paderborn, 1995, ISBN 3-8252-0460-X | ||
| + | * Taylor Lily Ross. Roman Voting Assemblies: From the Hannibalic War to the Dictatorship of Caesar. - The University of Michigan Press, 1966, ISBN 0-472-08125-X | ||
== Resursi internetā par šo tēmu == | == Resursi internetā par šo tēmu == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [http://www.livius.org/to-ts/triumvir/triumvir.html Jona Lendering. Triumvir.] | ||
| + | * [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Appian/home.html Appian. The Civil Wars. / The Roman History. / translation by Horace White: Harvard University Press, 1912 and 1913] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | * [http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/brokgauz/21298 Триумвират. - Словари и энциклопедии на Академике] | ||
| + | * [http://bibliotekar.ru/polk-8/71.htm Иловайский Д.И. Октавиан и второй триумвират.] | ||
| + | * [http://bse.sci-lib.com/article112254.html Значение слова "Триумвират" в Большой Советской Энциклопедии] | ||
[[Kategorija:Valsts varas institūcijas]] | [[Kategorija:Valsts varas institūcijas]] | ||
Pašreizējā versija, 2009. gada 7. februāris, plkst. 09.17
Triumvirāts (lat. triumviratus; no tres, trium - "trīs" + viri - "vīri") - atkaribā no konteksta: 1. Triju personu kolēģija Senajā Romā, ko iecēla vai ievēlēja noteiktu sabiedrisku pienākumu pildīšanai. 2. Trijvaldība jeb alianse starp trim līdzīga ranga un ietekmes olitiskajiem līderiem - no valdīšanas formas Romā I gs.p.m.ē.: Pirmais triumvirāts (Jūlijs Cēzars, Gnejs Pompejs, Marks Krass) 60.-53. g.p.m.ē.; Otrais triumvirāts (Oktavians, Marks Antonijs, Lepids) 43.-36. g.p.m.ē.
Literatūra
- Valsts un tiesību vēsture jēdzienos un terminos. / Sast. P.Valters. - Divergens, Rīga, 2001., 76., 88. lpp.
- Ihne Wilhelm. Researches Into the History of the Roman Constitution. - William Pickering, 1853
- Johnston Harold Whetstone. Orations and Letters of Cicero: With Historical Introduction, An Outline of the Roman Constitution, Notes, Vocabulary and Index. - Scott, Foresman and Company, 1891
- Tighe Ambrose. The Development of the Roman Constitution. - D. Apple & Co, 1886
- Von Fritz Kurt. The Theory of the Mixed Constitution in Antiquity. - Columbia University Press, New York, 1975
- Crawford M. The Roman Republic. - Fontana Press, 1978
- Lintott A. The Constitution of the Roman Republic. - Oxford University Press, 1999 ISBN 0-19-926108-3
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius. The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero: Comprising his Treatise on the Commonwealth; and his Treatise on the Laws. Translated from the original, with Dissertations and Notes in Two Volumes. Vol. 1. / By Francis Barham, Esq. - Edmund Spettigue, London, 1841
- Polybius. The General History of Polybius: Translated from the Greek. Vol 2. / By Mr. Hampton. - Printed by W. Baxter, Oxford, 1823
- Abbott Frank Frost. A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions. - Elibron Classics, 1901, ISBN 0-543-92749-0
- Karl Christ. Krise und Untergang der römischen Republik. - Darmstadt, 1979, S. 289
- Jochen Bleicken. Die Verfassung der Römischen Republik. - Schöningh, Paderborn, 1995, ISBN 3-8252-0460-X
- Taylor Lily Ross. Roman Voting Assemblies: From the Hannibalic War to the Dictatorship of Caesar. - The University of Michigan Press, 1966, ISBN 0-472-08125-X
Resursi internetā par šo tēmu
- Jona Lendering. Triumvir.
- Appian. The Civil Wars. / The Roman History. / translation by Horace White: Harvard University Press, 1912 and 1913
